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	<id>https://www.drugwiki.net/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Paddor</id>
	<title>Paddor - Versionshistorik</title>
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	<updated>2026-09-03T04:20:11Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Versionshistorik för denna sida på wikin</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://www.drugwiki.net/w/index.php?title=Paddor&amp;diff=3318&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Sysop: 1 version importerades</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.drugwiki.net/w/index.php?title=Paddor&amp;diff=3318&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-10-31T11:22:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;1 version importerades&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Äldre version&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Versionen från 31 oktober 2025 kl. 11.22&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;4&quot; class=&quot;diff-notice&quot; lang=&quot;sv&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-diff-empty&quot;&gt;(Ingen skillnad)&lt;/div&gt;
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		<author><name>Sysop</name></author>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://www.drugwiki.net/w/index.php?title=Paddor&amp;diff=3317&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>sv&gt;Knarkkorven den 22 februari 2020 kl. 15.29</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.drugwiki.net/w/index.php?title=Paddor&amp;diff=3317&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2020-02-22T15:29:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ny sida&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[kategori:Fakta_om_droger]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[kategori:Växter och svampar]]&lt;br /&gt;
== Generell information ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Vissa sorters paddor producerar [[bufotenin]] och [[5-MeO-DMT]] i körtlar på ryggen. Man kan mjölka paddorna, torka slemmet och extrahera fram de aktiva ämnena, eller röka slemmet som det är. Trots att uppgifterna nedan nämner torkat paddskinn (vilket innebär att paddan måste dödas) så är detta ej nödvändigt, genom försiktig mjölkning så kan de leva vidare utan att ta skada.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Att man skulle kunna slicka paddor för att bli hög är en något överdriven sanning, som bland annat återberättas i ett avsnitt av The Simpsons (S11E15) där Homer slickar en padda och omedelbart får stora pupiller. Det finns dock vissa arter där det faktiskt är möjligt. På tal om att slicka paddor, ni kommer väl ihåg den gamla sagan alla troligen har hört om som barn där prinsessan kysser en groda som förvandlas till en prins. Någon borde berättat för henne att hon skulle rökt slemmet istället...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Arter ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Arter med signifikant bufotenininnehåll:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Namn !! Innehåller&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bufo americanus || 1- 100 ug/g skinn &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Bufo alvarius]] ||0.1 - 5.0 mg/g i stora sekretkörtlar (medel 1.2 mg/g i körtelvävnad) och från 0.17-2.2 mg/g (medel 0.9 mg/g) i resten av det torkade skinnet&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Erspamer et al 1967&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; , men den psykoaktiva effekten beror främst på att körtlarna innehåller 5 - 15% [[5-MeO-DMT]].&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bufo arenarum || 5.1 mg/g i torkat skinn&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Wieland et al. 1934&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bufo bufo (Vanlig padda) || 0.33% i torkat sekret&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Wieland &amp;amp; Behringer 1941&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bufo calamita || 100 - 1000 ug/g skinn &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bufo. chilensis || N/A&amp;lt;ref name=deulofeu&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bufo crucifer || 1- 100 ug/g skinn &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bufo formosus || N/A&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ohno et al. 1961&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bufo fowleri || 1- 100 ug/g skinn &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bufo gargarizans || N/A&amp;lt;ref name=qi&amp;gt;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6115759/ The Development of Toad Toxins as Potential Therapeutic Agents (Qi, 2018)]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bufo marinus (=Rhinella marina) || Mycket varierande, vissa helt utan&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bufo melanosticus || N/A&amp;lt;ref name=qi&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bufo paracnemis || 1 - 10 mg/g skinn&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Bufo viridis || 640 ug/g färskt skinn&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Erspamer 1961&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Källa: &amp;lt;ref name=deulofeu&amp;gt;Deulofeu &amp;amp; Rúveda (1971)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Rätch - The Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/Bufotenin DMT Nexus Wiki: Bufotenin]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Se även artikeln om grodan [[Phyllomedusa bicolor]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Om innehållet==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bufo marinus (numera känd under namnet Agapadda, Rhinella marina, Bufo americanus och förmodligen även flera andra arter bör undvikas eftersom dom innehåller ämnen (bufotoxiner) som inte är bra för hälsan&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.erowid.org/animals/toads/toads_info1.shtml Erowid: Bufo alvarus vs Bufo americanus?]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Se även källa&amp;lt;ref name=qi&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; för mer information om olika bufotoxiner.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Agapadda:&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{quote|Originally from the Americas, Bufo marinus was introduced to Australia, where it is now known as the cane toad and its secretions are allegedly used as a psychoactive drug. Under Queensland’s Drug Misuse Act, bufotenine is an illegal substance in Australia (Ingram 1988, 66). In recent years, the press has been reporting increasing cases of toad lickin’ (Lyttle 1993), a practice in which the secretions of Bufo marinus are licked off the toad: When licking the expressed secretions (abusers reported that it is possible to “milk” twice a day), a furry sensation on the lips and tongue quickly becomes manifest. Five to ten (up to 30) minutes later, nausea is common, and only 20 to 30 minutes after ingestion, sometimes earlier, hallucinations of various kinds set in, beginning more rapidly and not lasting as long as with LSD. (Keup 1995, 12) The thickened juice of boiled animals is also ingested in Australia (Keup 1995, 14). A decoction of the dried skin (known as cane skin tea) is also used (Der Spiegel 32 [1994]: 92). The secretions from Bufo marinus contain catecholamines (dopamine, N-methyldopamine, adrenaline, noradrenaline) and tryptamines (serotonin, N-methyl-serotonin, bufotenine, bufotenidine, dehydrobufotenine), as well as glycoside-like toad toxins (Deulofeu and Rúveda 1971; Lyttle 1993, 523 f.). The skin has been found to contain morphine. The toad toxins (bufotoxine, bufogenine, and bufadienolides) are cardiotoxic and are similar to digitalis in their effects: nausea, vomiting, increase in blood pressure, confusion, and psychotic states (Keup 1995, 12). Smoking is probably the safest method to ingest Bufo marinus secretions, as the burning process apparently destroys the toxic components while leaving the bufotenine intact (Alexander Shulgin, pers. comm.). The ethnobotanist Brett Blosser smoked dried Bufo marinus secretions (approximately 1 mg every few minutes) and reported experiencing tryptamine-like hallucinations similar to those induced by the secretions of Bufo alvarius (cf. 5-MeODMT) (B. Blosser, pers. comm.). The few reports of the effects of smoked toad skin indicate that they are hallucinogenic. One Australian user stated, “I am seeing the world through the consciousness of a toad” (Lewis 1989, 71).|Rätch - The Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Vanlig padda:&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bör förmodligen också undvikas. Sekretet innehåller förutom bufotenin även bufotenidin&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://doi.org/10.1134/S1607672917010136 N-Methyl Serotonin Analogues from the Bufo bufo Toad Venom Interact Eff iciently with the α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors (Kryukova, 2017)]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; som är HT3- och α7-nAChR-agonister och framkallar förmodligen illamående.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{quote|The common toad (Bufo bufo) was sacred to the Germanic and Baltic peoples. Only with the introduction of Christianity was the toad demonized and declared to be an animal of the devil.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The active constituent bufotenine was first isolated from secretions of the common toad. The heathen tribes of the Baltic region venerated the toad as a goddess. It is possible that they were aware of the psychoactive effect of the toad’s secretions.|Rätch - The Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Videoklipp==&lt;br /&gt;
[[kategori:Artiklar med videoklipp]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Dobby&amp;#039;s story. Om en hund som gillar att slicka på Agapaddor&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;{{#ev:youtube|gn_ruZT_d2A}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Externa länkar==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>sv&gt;Knarkkorven</name></author>
	</entry>
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