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{{headerpanel|{{Warning/PCP}}}}
{{SummarySheet}}
{{SubstanceBox/PCP}}
'''Phencyclidine''' (also known as '''PCP''', '''Angel Dust''', '''Sherm''', and '''Sernyl''')<ref>PCP Fast Facts | http://www.justice.gov/archive/ndic/pubs4/4440/</ref> is a classical [[psychoactive class::dissociative]] substance of the [[chemical class::arylcyclohexylamine]] class. It is one of the oldest and most notorious dissociatives, known for its potent effects and reputation as an established "street drug" (along with [[cocaine]] and [[heroin]]).<ref>{{cite book | vauthors=((Nestler, E. J.)), ((Hyman, S. E.)), ((Malenka, R. C.)) | date= 2009 | title=Molecular neuropharmacology: a foundation for clinical neuroscience | publisher=McGraw-Hill Medical | edition=2nd ed | isbn=9780071481274}}</ref> It produces its effects by [[NMDA receptor antagonist|blocking the NMDA receptor]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Kapur, S.)), ((Seeman, P.)) | journal=Molecular Psychiatry | title=NMDA receptor antagonists ketamine and PCP have direct effects on the dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2 receptors—implications for models of schizophrenia | volume=7 | issue=8 | pages=837–844 | date= September 2002 | url=https://www.nature.com/articles/4001093 | issn=1476-5578 | doi=10.1038/sj.mp.4001093}}</ref>


'''PCP''' is a powerful dissociative. The acronym PCP stems from its organic name 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl) piperidine, which alludes to its relatively simple production from the arylcyclohexylamine piperidine. It is best known for stories of the strange and sometimes violent behavior of people under its influence. However, studies by the Drug Abuse Warning Network in the 1970s show that media reports of PCP-induced violence are greatly exaggerated and that incidents of violence are unusual and often (but not always) limited to individuals with reputations for aggression regardless of drug use. It has been implicated as a major cause of psychiatric decompensation and has a number of clinical syndromes described in the literature. In addition, PCP has been shown to cause significant medical morbidity and mortality. It is found in a variety of forms including crystals/powder, tablets, and liquid. Recently PCP seems to be available on the underground market most commonly in form of cannabis joints, regular cigarettes or cannabis leaf which are dipped in liquid PCP, and usually marketed as something else, seldom as 'PCP'.
First marketed in the 1950s as an anesthetic pharmaceutical drug, PCP was taken off the market in 1965 due to the high rate of [[hallucinogenic]] side effects. It emerged as a recreational substance in mid-1967, under the name "The Peace Pill".<ref>"Peace Pill". Microgram. Bureau of Drug Abuse Control. Jan 1968. 1(3):p1 (Erowid.org) | https://erowid.org/library/periodicals/microgram/microgram_1968_01_v01n03.pdf</ref><ref>"Sweet Streetfact's Lowdown on Low Dope Highs!". Berkeley Tribe, September 10-16, 1971. p12 (Independent Voices) | https://www.jstor.org/stable/community.28033860?seq=12</ref> Since this time, a number of synthetic derivatives of PCP (e.g. [[3-MeO-PCP]], [[4-MeO-PCP]], [[MXE]]) have been sold as dissociative drugs for both recreational and non-medical use.<ref name="morris">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Morris, H.)), ((Wallach, J.)) | journal=Drug Testing and Analysis | title=From PCP to MXE: a comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs | volume=6 | issue=7–8 | pages=614–632 | date= August 2014 | issn=1942-7611 | doi=10.1002/dta.1620}}</ref>


== History ==
[[Subjective effects]] include [[motor control loss]], [[pain relief]], [[internal hallucinations]], [[memory suppression]], [[conceptual thinking]], [[euphoria]], and [[depersonalization]] / [[disconnective effects|dissociation]]. Routes of administration include [[oral]], [[Routes of administration#Smoking|smoking]], [[insufflation]] or [[Routes of administration#Injection|injection]].<ref>{{Citation | vauthors=((Abuse, N. I. on D.)) | year=2019 | title=Hallucinogens DrugFacts | url=https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/hallucinogens}}</ref> The effects are among the most potent and long-lasting in the class. Additionally, PCP is reported to have strong [[stimulation|stimulating]] effects that can promote [[anxiety]] and motor activity.


Phencyclidine was first synthesized in 1926. In 1956 it was approved as an anaesthetic for animals (Sernylan), and in 1963 for humans (Sernyl) in Germany. However, due to hallucinations experienced by patients under its influence, it was already removed from the market in 1965. In 1967 PCP first appeared at music festivals in the US. Like ketamine, PCP was formerly used as a pre-induction anaesthetic and animal tranquillizer, hence it has street eponyms such as “horse tranquillizer", ”hog”, and “elephant”.
PCP has high abuse potential. [[Compulsive redosing]] has been reported, as well as psychological dependence following chronic use (i.e. high dose, repeated administration). Additionally, chronic use has been associated with numerous manifestations of toxicity (see [[PCP#Toxicity and harm potential|this section]] for more information).{{citation needed}} It is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using this substance.


== Dosage ==
==History and culture==
After being discovered in 1926, PCP was developed as a general anesthetic in the 1950s because it could achieve analgesia and anesthesia with minimal cardiovascular and respiratory suppression. It was marketed under the name Sernyl and began to be used in surgical procedures in 1963.<ref name="Journey">{{cite book | vauthors=((Journey, J. D.)), ((Bentley, T. P.)) | date= 2022 | chapter=StatPearls | title=Phencyclidine Toxicity | publisher=StatPearls Publishing | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507865/}}</ref>


Note: 20 mg may put an individual into a comatose state, and 70 mg may induce seizures.
By 1967, it was discontinued due to postoperative dysphoria and hallucinations. After 1967, it was limited to veterinary use. Also in the 1960s, PCP began to be illegally manufactured in laboratories and emerged as a popular street drug in San Francisco. In the 1970s, PCP use became widespread.<ref name="Journey" />


{{#tdose: pcp }}
===Common names===
Common street names for PCP are the peace pill, angel dust, sherm sticks, peeps, crystal joints, rocket fuel, sawgrass, zoom, the sheets, and elephant tranquilizer.<ref name="Journey" />


== Duration ==
==Chemistry==
PCP, or phencyclidine, is a synthetic dissociative of the arylcyclohexylamine class. PCP contains cyclohexane, a six-member saturated ring, bonded to two additional rings at R<sub>1</sub>. One of these rings is a piperidine ring, a nitrogenous six member ring, bonded at its nitrogen group. The other ring is an aromatic phenyl ring. PCP is an initialism named from the first letters of the three constituent rings '''p'''henyl, '''c'''yclohexane and '''p'''iperidine.


{| class="wikitable"
==Pharmacology==
|+ Smoked
{{Further|NMDA receptor antagonist}}
|-
PCP acts as an [[NMDA receptor antagonist]]. NMDA receptors allow for electrical signals to pass between neurons in the brain and spinal column; for the signals to pass, the receptor must be open. Dissociatives close the NMDA receptors by blocking them. This disconnection of neurons leads to loss of feeling, difficulty moving, and eventually an almost identical equivalent of the notorious “[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-hole k-hole].”
| Onset || 2-20 minutes
|-
| Duration || 4-6 hours
|-
| After-effects || Up to 24 hours
|}


== Effects ==
Unlike ketamine, PCP also shows appreciable affinity for antagonizing the PCP2 glutamate receptor.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Rothman, R.)) | title=PCP site 2: A high affinity MK-801-insensitive phencyclidine binding site | date=1 July 1994 | url=https://zenodo.org/record/1258623 | doi=10.1016/0892-0362(94)90022-1}}</ref>  PCP also acts as a sigma-2 agonist and mild serotonin reuptake inhibitor.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Roth, B. L.)), ((Gibbons, S.)), ((Arunotayanun, W.)), ((Huang, X.-P.)), ((Setola, V.)), ((Treble, R.)), ((Iversen, L.)) | journal=PLoS ONE | title=The Ketamine Analogue Methoxetamine and 3- and 4-Methoxy Analogues of Phencyclidine Are High Affinity and Selective Ligands for the Glutamate NMDA Receptor | volume=8 | issue=3 | pages=e59334 | date=19 March 2013 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3602154/ | issn=1932-6203 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0059334}}</ref>  It has also been characterized as a potent D2 dopamine agonist but not a dopamine reuptake inhibitor in humans.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Seeman, P.)), ((Guan, H.-C.)), ((Hirbec, H.)) | journal=Synapse (New York, N.Y.) | title=Dopamine D2High receptors stimulated by phencyclidines, lysergic acid diethylamide, salvinorin A, and modafinil | volume=63 | issue=8 | pages=698–704 | date= August 2009 | issn=1098-2396 | doi=10.1002/syn.20647}}</ref>  This D2 dopamine agonism contributes to the infamous stimulation, euphoria, and mania of PCP.


Behavioural effects can vary by dosage. Low doses produce a numbness in the extremities and intoxication, characterised by staggering,  unsteady gait, slurred speech, bloodshot eyes, and loss of balance. Moderate doses (5–10 mg intranasal, or 0.01–0.02 mg/kg intramuscular or intravenous) will produce analgesia and anaesthesia. High doses may lead to convulsions. Users frequently do not know how much of the drug they are taking due to its potency and tendency of the drug to be made illegally in uncontrolled conditions.
==Subjective effects==
{{EffectStub}}
PCP is considerably more likely to induce [[psychosis]] and [[mania]] than other dissociatives and is therefore potentially dangerous even in a proper setting.
{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}


Psychological effects include severe changes in body image, loss of ego boundaries, paranoia and depersonalization. Hallucinations, euphoria, and suicidal impulses are also reported, as well as occasional aggressive behavior. Like many other drugs, phencyclidine has been known to alter mood states in an unpredictable fashion, causing some individuals to become detached, and others to become animated. PCP may induce feelings of strength, power, and invulnerability as well as a numbing effect on the mind.
{{effects/base


=== Postive ===
|{{effects/physical|
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]
*'''[[Effect::Pain relief]]
*'''[[Effect::Dizziness]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Motor control loss]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Nausea]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Optical sliding]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Perception of bodily lightness]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Physical autonomy]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous physical sensations]]'''
**'''[[Effect::Physical euphoria]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Tactile suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased libido]]''' - Notably increased ejaculation strength
*'''[[Effect::Appetite enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Bowel movements]]'''


* Increase in energy
}}
{{effects/visual|


* Euphoria
====Suppression====
*'''[[Effect::Double vision]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Frame rate suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Pattern recognition suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Visual acuity suppression]]'''


* Pleasant mental and/or body high
====Distortions====
*'''[[Effect::Environmental orbism]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Perspective distortions]]'''
*"'[[Effect::Object Activation]]"'


* Disconnected thoughts
====[[Effect::Geometry]]====


* Sense of calm
====Hallucinatory states====
At high doses, PCP can produce a full range of high-level hallucinatory states in a fashion that is less consistent and reproducible than that of many other commonly used [[hallucinogens]]. These effects include:


* Increased sociability, loss of inhibitions
*'''[[Effect::Internal hallucination]]'''
*'''[[Effect::External hallucination]]'''


* Closed- and open-eye visuals
}}
{{effects/disconnective|
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive disconnection]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Physical disconnection]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Visual Temporal-Spatial-Cognitive Distortion]]''' - PCP has no hole and induces a sense a second is far away but the hour is closer which shift between the vice versa. It produces "cognizant" hallucinogenic effects via PCPsite-2 inverse agonism. It is very lucid and realistic and you see shadow people after blinking.


* Shifts in perception of reality
}}
|{{effects/cognitive|
The general head space of PCP is often described as particularly stimulating, euphoric and clear-headed in comparison to that of [[DXM]] and [[ketamine]]. The specific cognitive effects can be broken down into several separate subcomponents which are listed and described below:


* Improvement in charisma
*'''[[Effect::Amnesia]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Analysis suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Anxiety suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Compulsive redosing]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Conceptual thinking]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Creativity enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Delusion]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Depersonalization]]
*'''[[Effect::Derealization]]
*'''[[Effect::Disinhibition]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Déjà vu]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Ego death]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Ego inflation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Feelings of impending doom]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Immersion enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Introspection]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Mania]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Memory suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Psychosis]]''' - This effect is more common on PCP than other dissociatives.<ref name="Luisada1978">{{Citation | vauthors=((Luisada, P. V., M. D.)) | year=1978 | title=“The Phencyclidine Psychosis: Phenomenology and Treatment.” Phencyclidine (PCP) Abuse: An Appraisal. | publisher=National Institute on Drug Abuse | url=https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/phencyclidine-psychosis-phenomenology-and-treatment-phencyclidine}}</ref><ref name="Tasman2015">{{cite book | vauthors=((Tasman, A.)), ((Kay, J.)), ((Lieberman, J. A.)), ((First, M. B.)), ((Riba, M.)) | date=5 February 2015 | title=Psychiatry | publisher=John Wiley & Sons | isbn=9781118753361}}</ref>
*'''[[Effect::Suicidal ideation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]''' & '''[[Effect::Thought deceleration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Thought connectivity]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Thought disorganization]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]'''


* Can improve depression
}}
{{effects/auditory|
*'''[[Effect::Auditory distortion]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Auditory hallucination]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Auditory suppression]]'''


=== Neutral ===
}}
}}
===Experience reports===
Anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]] include:
{{#ask: [[Category:PCP]][[Category:Experience]]|format=ul|Columns=1}}
Additional experience reports can be found here:


* Increased salivation
*[https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_PCP.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: PCP]


* Change in body temperature regulation, sweating
==Toxicity and harm potential==
{{Further|Responsible use#Hallucinogens}}
The long-term use of PCP may lead to schizophrenia-like psychotic episodes, severe lasting memory loss, disorganized thinking, depression, weight loss, liver abnormalities and rhabdomyolysis (skeletal muscle breakdown).<ref name="erowid">{{Citation | title=Erowid PCP (Phencyclidine) Vault : Effects | url=https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/pcp/pcp_effects.shtml}}</ref>


* Increased heart rate (lower doses)
It is very strongly recommended that one use extreme caution and [[responsible drug use|harm reduction]] practices when using this substance. For example,


* Altered time perception
*Users should avoid taking the drug multiple days in a row or becoming addicted to it as this increases the risk of severe adverse effects.
*The recommended dosage range should not be exceeded as high doses can trigger adverse effects.
*Users should start with extremely low doses and work their way up as slowly as possible. [[Volumetric liquid dosing|Volumetric liquid dosing]] should preferably be used due to the drug's potency; most standard milligram scales cannot accurately weigh out doses below 10-15mg.
*[[Compulsive redosing]] before one has fully sobered up is not recommended and can result in too high of a dose.


* Disrupted speech patterns
===Psychosis===
PCP has been reported to cause [[psychosis]] and mania at a significantly higher rate than other [[dissociative]]s such as [[ketamine]], [[diphenidine]], or [[MXE]]. Multiple scientific papers describe states of psychosis, mania, and/or delirium occurring after moderate to large doses of the drug were ingested.


* Analgesia (decreased pain awareness) and numbness
In one initial human trial, it was reported that one-sixth of the patients who had received anesthetic doses experienced acute psychosis.<ref name="Luisada1978" /> In some cases, it took up to a week or more to resolve. Similar results (although less severe) were reported during trials using subanesthetic doses of PCP for pain relief.<ref name="two">Tasman, Allan, Jerald Kay, and Jeffrey A. Lieberman. Psychiatry. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2003. Google Books. Wiley. Web. <https://books.google.com/books?id=l2KRBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT4957&lpg=PT4957&dq=Greifenstein+et+al.+1958%29.&source=bl&ots=s5CFdAfMzc&sig=GzsOq_N-V1qtahxyyHnKMJceEj0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwji0pWTjNLKAhUBaD4KHTfqD0sQ6AEIHDAA#v=onepage&q=Greifenstein%20et%20al.%201958%29.&f=false>.</ref>


* Feelings of invulnerability
Due to the risk of psychosis, it is not recommended to combine this substance with other substances, especially [[stimulant|stimulants]], [[psychedelic|psychedelics]], or other [[dissociative|dissociatives]] like [[MXE]] and [[DXM]].


* Distorted sensory perceptions, hallucinations
===Neurological effects===
Some studies found that, like other [[NMDA receptor antagonist|NMDA receptor antagonists]], PCP can cause brain damage called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olney%27s_lesions Olney's lesions] in rats.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Olney, J. W.)), ((Labruyere, J.)), ((Price, M. T.)) | journal=Science (New York, N.Y.) | title=Pathological changes induced in cerebrocortical neurons by phencyclidine and related drugs | volume=244 | issue=4910 | pages=1360–1362 | date=16 June 1989 | issn=0036-8075 | doi=10.1126/science.2660263}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Hargreaves, R. J.)), ((Hill, R. G.)), ((Iversen, L. L.)) | journal=Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplementum | title=Neuroprotective NMDA antagonists: the controversy over their potential for adverse effects on cortical neuronal morphology | volume=60 | pages=15–19 | date= 1994 | doi=10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_4}}
</ref> Studies conducted on rats showed that high doses of the NMDA receptor antagonist dizocilpine caused reversible vacuoles to form in certain regions of the rats' brains. All studies of Olney's lesions have only been performed on non-human animals and may not apply to humans.


* Unusual and unpredictable behavior
One unpublished study by Frank Sharp reportedly showed no damage by the NMDA antagonist [[ketamine]] (a similar drug) far beyond recreational doses<ref>{{cite book | vauthors=((Grof, S.)) | date= 2010 | title=The ultimate journey: consciousness and the mystery of death | publisher=MAPS | edition=2. ed | isbn=9780966001976}}</ref> but its validity is controversial since it was never published.


* Mild to moderate dissociation (common)
PCP has also been shown to cause schizophrenia-like changes in N-acetylaspartate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate levels in the rat brain, which are detectable both in living rats and upon necropsy examination of brain tissue.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Reynolds, L. M.)), ((Cochran, S. M.)), ((Morris, B. J.)), ((Pratt, J. A.)), ((Reynolds, G. P.)) | journal=Schizophrenia Research | title=Chronic phencyclidine administration induces schizophrenia-like changes in N-acetylaspartate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate in rat brain | volume=73 | issue=2–3 | pages=147–152 | date=1 March 2005 | issn=0920-9964 | doi=10.1016/j.schres.2004.02.003}}</ref> It also induces symptoms in humans that mimic schizophrenia.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Murray, J. B.)) | journal=The Journal of Psychology | title=Phencyclidine (PCP): a dangerous drug, but useful in schizophrenia research | volume=136 | issue=3 | pages=319–327 | date= May 2002 | issn=0022-3980 | doi=10.1080/00223980209604159}}</ref>


* Confusion, disorientation (common)
===Urinary tract effects===
In terms of its long-term health effects when used repeatedly and excessively for extended periods of time, PCP seems to exhibit almost identical bladder and urinary tract problems to those produced by [[ketamine]].


* Nystagmus (rhythmic eye movement)
*'''Urinary frequency''' - Urinary frequency is the need to empty the bladder every few minutes.
*'''Urinary urgency''' - This can be described as a sudden, compelling need to urinate.
*'''Urinary pressure''' - This is experienced as a constant sensation of fullness in the bladder that is unrelieved by urination.
*'''Pelvic and bladder pain''' - Pain can develop suddenly and severely, particularly as the bladder fills with urine.
*'''Hematuria''' - Hematuria is visible blood in the urine.
*'''Incontinence''' - This is the uncontrolled leakage of urine.


=== Negative ===
===Dependence and abuse potential===
The chronic use of PCP can be considered [[Addiction potential::highly addictive with a high potential for adverse side effects such as psychosis]]. In comparison to other [[dissociative]]s, PCP has been reported to be more addictive than [[MXE]], [[diphenidine]], [[ephenidine]], and [[ketamine]].


* Disturbing hallucinations and/or delusions
When addiction has developed, cravings and [[withdrawal effects]] may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage. There have been multiple reports across the internet of people becoming seriously addicted daily users of this substance so serious precautions and considerations should be taken before trying this substance.


* Severe anxiety, paranoia
Tolerance to many of the effects of PCP develops [[Time to full tolerance::with prolonged and repeated use]]. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 - 7 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::1 - 2 weeks]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). PCP presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[dissociative|dissociatives]]]], meaning that after the consumption of PCP, all [[dissociative|dissociatives]] will have a reduced effect.


* Severe dissociation, depersonalization
===Dangerous interactions===
{{DangerousInteractions/Intro}}


* Ataxia (loss of motor coordination)
*'''[[UncertainInteraction::MXE]]''' - There are no reports available about this combination.
*'''[[UncertainInteraction::Caffeine]]''' - Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.
*'''[[UncertainInteraction::Opioids]]''' - PCP can reduce opioid tolerance, increasing the risk of overdose.
*'''[[UnsafeInteraction::DOx]]''' - Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.
*'''[[UnsafeInteraction::Amphetamines]]''' - This combination can easily lead to hypermanic states.
*'''[[UnsafeInteraction::MDMA]]''' - This combination can easily lead to hypermanic states.
*'''[[UnsafeInteraction::Cocaine]]''' - This combination can easily lead to hypermanic states.
*'''[[UnsafeInteraction::Alcohol]]''' - Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.
*'''[[UnsafeInteraction::Benzodiazepines]]''' - Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Memory blackouts are likely.
*'''[[UnsafeInteraction::SSRIs]]''' - Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.
*'''[[DangerousInteraction::2C-T-x]]'''
*'''[[DangerousInteraction::ΑMT]]'''
*'''[[DangerousInteraction::5-MeO-xxT]]'''
*'''[[DangerousInteraction::DXM]]'''
*'''[[DangerousInteraction::GHB]]''' - Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.
*'''[[DangerousInteraction::GBL]]''' - Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.
*'''[[DangerousInteraction::Tramadol]]'''
*'''[[DangerousInteraction::MAOIs]]''' - Little information exists about this combination.


* Severe confusion, disorganised thinking
==Legal status==
Internationally, PCP is a Schedule II substance under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances.<ref>{{cite web|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20070302130637/http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf|url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf|archive-date=March 2, 2007|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control (Green List)|edition=23rd|date=August 2003|publisher=International Narcotics Control Board (INCB)}}</ref>


* Psychotic episodes
*'''Austria''' - PCP is illegal to possess, produce and sell under the SMG (Suchtmittelgesetz Österreich).{{Citation needed}}
*'''Canada''' - PCP is controlled under the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act as a Schedule I substance.<ref>{{Citation | vauthors=((Branch, L. S.)) | year=2022 | title=Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Controlled Drugs and Substances Act | url=https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-38.8/page-13.html#h-95315}}</ref>
*'''Czech Republic''': PCP is a Schedule II <ref>https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:6b5e9beb-1d9b-11ea-95ab-01aa75ed71a1.0001.02/DOC_1&format=PDF</ref> (List 5) substance. Sold exclusively with a prescription "marked with a blue stripe running from the lower left corner to the upper right corner" (§ 1, e), 2. of ''Nařízení vlády č. 463/2013 Sb.'') <ref>https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2013-463</ref>
*'''Germany''' - PCP is controlled under BtMG Anlage I, making it illegal to manufacture, import, possess, sell, or transfer it without a license.<ref>{{Citation | title=Anlage I BtMG - Einzelnorm | url=http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/anlage_i.html}}</ref>
*'''New Zealand''' - PCP is Schedule I (class A) in New Zealand.{{citation needed}}
*'''Poland''' - PCP is listed under "Wykaz środków odurzających i substancji psychotropowych[" (II-P group) in Poland, and is illegal to posses, sell and manufacture.<ref>{Citation | year=2022 | title=Wykaz środków odurzających i substancji psychotropowych | url=https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wykaz_%C5%9Brodk%C3%B3w_odurzaj%C4%85cych_i_substancji_psychotropowych&oldid=67226458}}</ref>
*'''Portugal''' - PCP is a Table-II-A substance under Decree-Law 15/93: Anti-Drug Legislation. PCP was decriminalized for personal use by Law 30/2000, but consumption or possession is still prohibited. The substance is liable to be seized and the possessor can be referred to mandatory treatment.<ref>Decree-Law 15/93: Anti-Drug Legislation <nowiki>https://www.imolin.org/doc/amlid/Portugal_Decree-Law</nowiki> 15 of 1993_Anti-Drug Legislation.pdf#page=35</ref><ref>Decree-Law 15/93: Anti-Drug Legislation https://www.imolin.org/doc/amlid/Portugal_Decree-Law%2015%20of%201993_Anti-Drug%20Legislation.pdf#page=21</ref>
*'''Switzerland:''' - PCP is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis A. Medicinal use is permitted.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien|publisher=Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref>
*'''United Kingdom''' - PCP is controlled under the Misuse of Drugs Act as a Schedule II Class A drug, making it illegal to possess without a prescription.<ref>{{Citation | vauthors=((Participation, E.)) | title=Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 | url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/38/schedule/2}}</ref>
*'''United States '''- PCP is controlled under the Controlled Substances Act as a Schedule II controlled substance, making it illegal to possess without a prescription.<ref>Drug Enforcement Administration. (2021, August 27). Orange Book. https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/schedules/orangebook/e_cs_sched.pdf#page=11</ref><ref>Drug Enforcement Administration. (2020, March). PHENCYCLIDINE. https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_chem_info/pcp.pdf</ref>


* Physical aggression
==See also==


* Nausea, vomiting
*[[Responsible use]]
**[[Volumetric dosing]]
*[[Dissociative]]
*[[Phencyclidines]]
*[[3-MeO-PCP]]
*[[MXE]]
*[[PCE]]
*[[DXM]]
*[[Ketamine]]


* Temporary amnesia
==External links==


* Severe distortion or loss of auditory/visual perception
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phencyclidine PCP (Wikipedia)]
*[https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/pcp/ PCP (Erowid Vault)]
*[https://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/explore.php?id=11011 PCP (Isomer Design)]
*[https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB03575 PCP (DrugBank)]
*[https://www.drugs.com/illicit/pcp.html PCP (Drugs.com)]
*[https://drugs-forum.com/wiki/Phencyclidine PCP (Drugs-Forum)]


* Decreased heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration (high doses)
===Forums===


* Seizures (high doses)
*[http://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/316953-The-Big-amp-Dandy-PCP-Thread PCP (Bluelight)]


* Hangover including dizziness, numbness and lethargy; may last 24 hours or more
==Literature==


* Coma (high doses, increased risk when combined with depressants)
*Morris, H., & Wallach, J. (2014). From PCP to MXE: A comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs. Drug Testing and Analysis, 6(7–8), 614–632. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.1620


* Possible neurotoxicity (controversial)
==References==
{{reflist|2}}


*Increase in body temperature, leading to dehydration and users to remove clothes
[[Category:Arylcyclohexylamine]]
 
[[Category:Piperidine]]
*Potential for violence or unpredictable behavior
[[Category:Dissociative]]
 
 
== Harm Reduction ==
 
If you think you are overdosing on PCP, please seek emergency medical attention immediately.
 
* At an Emergency Room. , Doctors usually provide a [https://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Benzodiazepines benzodiazepine] or Phenobarbital and between 1-10mg Haloperidol (anti-psychotic) to combat PCP overdoses and violent or unpredictable behavior.
 
* Do not drive or operate heavy machinery.
 
* Avoid walking or moving in general if possible.
 
* Always experiment with drugs with a sober friend in a safe place. Start low, increase until the desired effect.
 
* A full stomach may lead to nausea; consider fasting 3-4+ hours before usage.
 
See [[Dissociatives#Harm_Reduction|Dissociative Harm Reduction]] for general information.
 
=== Potentiators ===
 
* Alchohol
 
* Benzodiazepines
 
=== Interactions ===


* Acts as a Central Nervous System depressant. Interacts negatively with the above potentiators
{{#set:Featured=true}}
 
== Chemistry and Pharmacology ==
 
In chemical structure, PCP is an arylcyclohexylamine derivative, and, in pharmacology, it is a member of the family of dissociative anaesthetics. PCP works primarily as a NMDA receptor antagonist, which blocks the activity of the NMDA receptor and, like most anti-glutamatergic hallucinogens, is significantly more dangerous than other categories of hallucinogens.
 
The clinical picture may wax and wane between extreme agitation and sedation because PCP can produce CNS stimulation and depression through its different clinical effects in the CNS. With increasing concentrations, the drug binds to NMDA receptors, acts as a monoamine reuptake inhibitor, stimulates σ-opioid receptors, as well as nicotinic, muscarinic and GABA receptors.
 
There are more than 125 known derivates of PCP.
 
== Legal status ==
 
PCP is Schedule II in the United States. This means it is illegal to sell without a DEA license and illegal to buy or possess without a license or prescription.
 
It is also banned in the UK, Germany, Poland, Canada and New Zealand.
 
== Links ==
 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phencyclidine Wikipedia ]
 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olney%27s_lesions Olney's lesions]
 
[https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/pcp/ Erowid]
 
[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22970762 Use of haloperidol in PCP-intoxicated individuals.]
 
[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2859735/ Phencyclidine Intoxication and Adverse Effects: A Clinical and Pharmacological Review of an Illicit Drug]
 
[[Category:Drugs]]
 
[[Category:Dissociative]]

Revision as of 23:34, 8 May 2025

File:Ambulance2.png

PCP may cause psychosis and mania at a significantly higher rate than other dissociatives.[1][2]

It is strongly discouraged to use this substance in high doses or multiple days in a row. Please see this section for more details.

Summary sheet: PCP
{{#arraydefine: InhaledDosage | Threshold;, Light;, Common;, Strong;, Heavy; }} {{#arraydefine: InhaledDuration | Total;, Onset;, Come up;, Peak;, Offset;, After effects; }} {{#arraydefine: SmokedDosage | Threshold;Smoked threshold dose::1Smoked dose units::mg, Light;Smoked min light dose::2 - Smoked max light dose::4 mg, Common;Smoked min common dose::4 - Smoked max common dose::8 mg, Strong;Smoked min strong dose::8 - Smoked max strong dose::12 mg, Heavy;12 mg+ Heavy doses may result in psychosis and mania.[3] }} {{#arraydefine: SmokedDuration | Total;Smoked min total time::4 - Smoked max total time::6Smoked total time units::hours, Onset;Smoked min onset time::2 - Smoked max onset time::20Smoked onset time units::minutes, Come up;Smoked min comeup time::20 - Smoked max comeup time::40Smoked comeup time units::minutes, Peak;Smoked min peak time::2 - Smoked max peak time::3Smoked peak time units::hours, Offset;Smoked min offset time::1 - Smoked max offset time::2Smoked offset time units::hours, After effects;Smoked min afterglow time::4 - Smoked max afterglow time::48Smoked afterglow time units::hours }} {{#arraydefine: OralDosage | Threshold;Oral threshold dose::1Oral dose units::mg, Light;Oral min light dose::3 - Oral max light dose::5 mg, Common;Oral min common dose::5 - Oral max common dose::10 mg, Strong;Oral min strong dose::10 - Oral max strong dose::15 mg, Heavy;15mg+ Heavy doses may result in psychosis and mania.[4] }} {{#arraydefine: OralDuration | Total;Oral min total time::4 - Oral max total time::8Oral total time units::hours, Onset;Oral min onset time::30 - Oral max onset time::90Oral onset time units::minutes, Come up;Oral min comeup time::40 - Oral max comeup time::120Oral comeup time units::minutes, Peak;Oral min peak time::2 - Oral max peak time::3Oral peak time units::hours, Offset;Oral min offset time::1 - Oral max offset time::2Oral offset time units::hours, After effects;Oral min afterglow time::4 - Oral max afterglow time::48Oral afterglow time units::hours }} {{#arraydefine: SublingualDosage | Threshold;, Light;, Common;, Strong;, Heavy; }} {{#arraydefine: SublingualDuration | Total;, Onset;, Come up;, Peak;, Offset;, After effects; }} {{#arraydefine: BuccalDosage | Threshold;, Light;, Common;, Strong;, Heavy; }} {{#arraydefine: BuccalDuration | Total;, Onset;, Come up;, Peak;, Offset;, After effects; }} {{#arraydefine: InsufflatedDosage | Threshold;Insufflated threshold dose::1Insufflated dose units::mg, Light;Insufflated min light dose::2 - Insufflated max light dose::4 mg, Common;Insufflated min common dose::4 - Insufflated max common dose::8 mg, Strong;Insufflated min strong dose::8 - Insufflated max strong dose::15 mg, Heavy;15mg+ Heavy doses may result in psychosis and mania.[5] }} {{#arraydefine: InsufflatedDuration | Total;Insufflated min total time::4 - Insufflated max total time::6Insufflated total time units::hours, Onset;Insufflated min onset time::3 - Insufflated max onset time::30Insufflated onset time units::minutes, Come up;Insufflated min comeup time::30 - Insufflated max comeup time::90Insufflated comeup time units::minutes, Peak;Insufflated min peak time::2 - Insufflated max peak time::3Insufflated peak time units::hours, Offset;Insufflated min offset time::1 - Insufflated max offset time::2Insufflated offset time units::hours, After effects;Insufflated min afterglow time::4 - Insufflated max afterglow time::48Insufflated afterglow time units::hours }} {{#arraydefine: RectalDosage | Threshold;, Light;, Common;, Strong;, Heavy; }} {{#arraydefine: RectalDuration | Total;, Onset;, Come up;, Peak;, Offset;, After effects; }} {{#arraydefine: TransdermalDosage | Threshold;, Light;, Common;, Strong;, Heavy; }} {{#arraydefine: TransdermalDuration | Total;, Onset;, Come up;, Peak;, Offset;, After effects; }} {{#arraydefine: SubcutaneousDosage | Threshold;, Light;, Common;, Strong;, Heavy; }} {{#arraydefine: SubcutaneousDuration | Total;, Onset;, Come up;, Peak;, Offset;, After effects; }} {{#arraydefine: IntramuscularDosage | Threshold;, Light;, Common;, Strong;, Heavy; }} {{#arraydefine: IntramuscularDuration | Total;, Onset;, Come up;, Peak;, Offset;, After effects; }} {{#arraydefine: IntravenousDosage | Threshold;, Light;, Common;, Strong;, Heavy; }} {{#arraydefine: IntravenousDuration | Total;, Onset;, Come up;, Peak;, Offset;, After effects; }} {{#arraydefine: uncertaininteractions | {{#ask:PCP |?UncertainInteraction |headers=hide |format=list |mainlabel=- |link=none }} }} {{#arraydefine: unsafeinteractions | {{#ask:PCP |?UnsafeInteraction |headers=hide |format=list |mainlabel=- |link=none }} }} {{#arraydefine: dangerousinteractions | {{#ask:PCP |?DangerousInteraction |headers=hide |format=list |mainlabel=- |link=none }} }} {{#arrayprint:uncertaininteractions||@@@@| }} {{#arrayprint:unsafeinteractions||@@@@| }} {{#arrayprint:dangerousinteractions||@@@@| }}
PCP
File:PCP.svg
Chemical Nomenclature
Common names common name::PCP, common name::Angel Dust, common name:: Sherman, common name::Sernyl, common name::Wet, common name::Dust, common name::Supergrass, common name::Boat, common name::Tic Tac, common name::Zoom
Substitutive name Phencyclidine
Systematic name 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine
Class Membership
Psychoactive class psychoactive class::Dissociative
Chemical class chemical class::Arylcyclohexylamine
Routes of Administration

WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.


{{#arrayunique: SmokedDosage}} {{#loop: i | 0 | {{#arraysize: SmokedDosage}} | {{#arraydefine: val | {{#arrayindex: SmokedDosage | {{#var: i}} }} | ; }} }} {{#arrayunique: SmokedDuration}} {{#loop: i | 0 | {{#arraysize: SmokedDuration}} | {{#arraydefine: val | {{#arrayindex: SmokedDuration | {{#var: i}} }} | ; }} }}
⇣ Smoked
Dosage
[[Dosage_classification#{{#arrayindex: val | 0 }}|{{#arrayindex: val | 0 }}]] {{#arrayindex: val | 1 }}
Duration
[[Duration#{{#arrayindex: val | 0 }}|{{#arrayindex: val | 0 }}]] {{#arrayindex: val | 1 }}
{{#arrayunique: OralDosage}} {{#loop: i | 0 | {{#arraysize: OralDosage}} | {{#arraydefine: val | {{#arrayindex: OralDosage | {{#var: i}} }} | ; }} }} {{#arrayunique: OralDuration}} {{#loop: i | 0 | {{#arraysize: OralDuration}} | {{#arraydefine: val | {{#arrayindex: OralDuration | {{#var: i}} }} | ; }} }}
⇣ Oral
Dosage
[[Dosage_classification#{{#arrayindex: val | 0 }}|{{#arrayindex: val | 0 }}]] {{#arrayindex: val | 1 }}
Duration
[[Duration#{{#arrayindex: val | 0 }}|{{#arrayindex: val | 0 }}]] {{#arrayindex: val | 1 }}



{{#arrayunique: InsufflatedDosage}} {{#loop: i | 0 | {{#arraysize: InsufflatedDosage}} | {{#arraydefine: val | {{#arrayindex: InsufflatedDosage | {{#var: i}} }} | ; }} }} {{#arrayunique: InsufflatedDuration}} {{#loop: i | 0 | {{#arraysize: InsufflatedDuration}} | {{#arraydefine: val | {{#arrayindex: InsufflatedDuration | {{#var: i}} }} | ; }} }}
⇣ Insufflated
Dosage
[[Dosage_classification#{{#arrayindex: val | 0 }}|{{#arrayindex: val | 0 }}]] {{#arrayindex: val | 1 }}
Duration
[[Duration#{{#arrayindex: val | 0 }}|{{#arrayindex: val | 0 }}]] {{#arrayindex: val | 1 }}






DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.

Interactions
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@@@@
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Phencyclidine (also known as PCP, Angel Dust, Sherm, and Sernyl)[6] is a classical psychoactive class::dissociative substance of the chemical class::arylcyclohexylamine class. It is one of the oldest and most notorious dissociatives, known for its potent effects and reputation as an established "street drug" (along with cocaine and heroin).[7] It produces its effects by blocking the NMDA receptor.[8]

First marketed in the 1950s as an anesthetic pharmaceutical drug, PCP was taken off the market in 1965 due to the high rate of hallucinogenic side effects. It emerged as a recreational substance in mid-1967, under the name "The Peace Pill".[9][10] Since this time, a number of synthetic derivatives of PCP (e.g. 3-MeO-PCP, 4-MeO-PCP, MXE) have been sold as dissociative drugs for both recreational and non-medical use.[11]

Subjective effects include motor control loss, pain relief, internal hallucinations, memory suppression, conceptual thinking, euphoria, and depersonalization / dissociation. Routes of administration include oral, smoking, insufflation or injection.[12] The effects are among the most potent and long-lasting in the class. Additionally, PCP is reported to have strong stimulating effects that can promote anxiety and motor activity.

PCP has high abuse potential. Compulsive redosing has been reported, as well as psychological dependence following chronic use (i.e. high dose, repeated administration). Additionally, chronic use has been associated with numerous manifestations of toxicity (see this section for more information).[citation needed] It is highly advised to use harm reduction practices if using this substance.

History and culture

After being discovered in 1926, PCP was developed as a general anesthetic in the 1950s because it could achieve analgesia and anesthesia with minimal cardiovascular and respiratory suppression. It was marketed under the name Sernyl and began to be used in surgical procedures in 1963.[13]

By 1967, it was discontinued due to postoperative dysphoria and hallucinations. After 1967, it was limited to veterinary use. Also in the 1960s, PCP began to be illegally manufactured in laboratories and emerged as a popular street drug in San Francisco. In the 1970s, PCP use became widespread.[13]

Common names

Common street names for PCP are the peace pill, angel dust, sherm sticks, peeps, crystal joints, rocket fuel, sawgrass, zoom, the sheets, and elephant tranquilizer.[13]

Chemistry

PCP, or phencyclidine, is a synthetic dissociative of the arylcyclohexylamine class. PCP contains cyclohexane, a six-member saturated ring, bonded to two additional rings at R1. One of these rings is a piperidine ring, a nitrogenous six member ring, bonded at its nitrogen group. The other ring is an aromatic phenyl ring. PCP is an initialism named from the first letters of the three constituent rings phenyl, cyclohexane and piperidine.

Pharmacology

Further information: NMDA receptor antagonist

PCP acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist. NMDA receptors allow for electrical signals to pass between neurons in the brain and spinal column; for the signals to pass, the receptor must be open. Dissociatives close the NMDA receptors by blocking them. This disconnection of neurons leads to loss of feeling, difficulty moving, and eventually an almost identical equivalent of the notorious “k-hole.”

Unlike ketamine, PCP also shows appreciable affinity for antagonizing the PCP2 glutamate receptor.[14] PCP also acts as a sigma-2 agonist and mild serotonin reuptake inhibitor.[15] It has also been characterized as a potent D2 dopamine agonist but not a dopamine reuptake inhibitor in humans.[16] This D2 dopamine agonism contributes to the infamous stimulation, euphoria, and mania of PCP.

Subjective effects

File:Metacogghjgjvghnition.png
 This subjective effects section is a stub.

As such, it is still in progress and may contain incomplete or wrong information.

You can help by expanding or correcting it.

PCP is considerably more likely to induce psychosis and mania than other dissociatives and is therefore potentially dangerous even in a proper setting. Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.

It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.


{{ 

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Experience reports

Anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index include: {{#ask: |format=ul|Columns=1}} Additional experience reports can be found here:

Toxicity and harm potential

Further information: Responsible use § Hallucinogens

The long-term use of PCP may lead to schizophrenia-like psychotic episodes, severe lasting memory loss, disorganized thinking, depression, weight loss, liver abnormalities and rhabdomyolysis (skeletal muscle breakdown).[17]

It is very strongly recommended that one use extreme caution and harm reduction practices when using this substance. For example,

  • Users should avoid taking the drug multiple days in a row or becoming addicted to it as this increases the risk of severe adverse effects.
  • The recommended dosage range should not be exceeded as high doses can trigger adverse effects.
  • Users should start with extremely low doses and work their way up as slowly as possible. Volumetric liquid dosing should preferably be used due to the drug's potency; most standard milligram scales cannot accurately weigh out doses below 10-15mg.
  • Compulsive redosing before one has fully sobered up is not recommended and can result in too high of a dose.

Psychosis

PCP has been reported to cause psychosis and mania at a significantly higher rate than other dissociatives such as ketamine, diphenidine, or MXE. Multiple scientific papers describe states of psychosis, mania, and/or delirium occurring after moderate to large doses of the drug were ingested.

In one initial human trial, it was reported that one-sixth of the patients who had received anesthetic doses experienced acute psychosis.[1] In some cases, it took up to a week or more to resolve. Similar results (although less severe) were reported during trials using subanesthetic doses of PCP for pain relief.[18]

Due to the risk of psychosis, it is not recommended to combine this substance with other substances, especially stimulants, psychedelics, or other dissociatives like MXE and DXM.

Neurological effects

Some studies found that, like other NMDA receptor antagonists, PCP can cause brain damage called Olney's lesions in rats.[19][20] Studies conducted on rats showed that high doses of the NMDA receptor antagonist dizocilpine caused reversible vacuoles to form in certain regions of the rats' brains. All studies of Olney's lesions have only been performed on non-human animals and may not apply to humans.

One unpublished study by Frank Sharp reportedly showed no damage by the NMDA antagonist ketamine (a similar drug) far beyond recreational doses[21] but its validity is controversial since it was never published.

PCP has also been shown to cause schizophrenia-like changes in N-acetylaspartate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate levels in the rat brain, which are detectable both in living rats and upon necropsy examination of brain tissue.[22] It also induces symptoms in humans that mimic schizophrenia.[23]

Urinary tract effects

In terms of its long-term health effects when used repeatedly and excessively for extended periods of time, PCP seems to exhibit almost identical bladder and urinary tract problems to those produced by ketamine.

  • Urinary frequency - Urinary frequency is the need to empty the bladder every few minutes.
  • Urinary urgency - This can be described as a sudden, compelling need to urinate.
  • Urinary pressure - This is experienced as a constant sensation of fullness in the bladder that is unrelieved by urination.
  • Pelvic and bladder pain - Pain can develop suddenly and severely, particularly as the bladder fills with urine.
  • Hematuria - Hematuria is visible blood in the urine.
  • Incontinence - This is the uncontrolled leakage of urine.

Dependence and abuse potential

The chronic use of PCP can be considered Addiction potential::highly addictive with a high potential for adverse side effects such as psychosis. In comparison to other dissociatives, PCP has been reported to be more addictive than MXE, diphenidine, ephenidine, and ketamine.

When addiction has developed, cravings and withdrawal effects may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage. There have been multiple reports across the internet of people becoming seriously addicted daily users of this substance so serious precautions and considerations should be taken before trying this substance.

Tolerance to many of the effects of PCP develops Time to full tolerance::with prolonged and repeated use. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about Time to half tolerance::3 - 7 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and Time to zero tolerance::1 - 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). PCP presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all dissociatives]], meaning that after the consumption of PCP, all dissociatives will have a reduced effect.

Dangerous interactions

Warning: Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).

Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.

Legal status

Internationally, PCP is a Schedule II substance under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances.[24]

  • Austria - PCP is illegal to possess, produce and sell under the SMG (Suchtmittelgesetz Österreich).[citation needed]
  • Canada - PCP is controlled under the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act as a Schedule I substance.[25]
  • Czech Republic: PCP is a Schedule II [26] (List 5) substance. Sold exclusively with a prescription "marked with a blue stripe running from the lower left corner to the upper right corner" (§ 1, e), 2. of Nařízení vlády č. 463/2013 Sb.) [27]
  • Germany - PCP is controlled under BtMG Anlage I, making it illegal to manufacture, import, possess, sell, or transfer it without a license.[28]
  • New Zealand - PCP is Schedule I (class A) in New Zealand.[citation needed]
  • Poland - PCP is listed under "Wykaz środków odurzających i substancji psychotropowych[" (II-P group) in Poland, and is illegal to posses, sell and manufacture.[29]
  • Portugal - PCP is a Table-II-A substance under Decree-Law 15/93: Anti-Drug Legislation. PCP was decriminalized for personal use by Law 30/2000, but consumption or possession is still prohibited. The substance is liable to be seized and the possessor can be referred to mandatory treatment.[30][31]
  • Switzerland: - PCP is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis A. Medicinal use is permitted.[32]
  • United Kingdom - PCP is controlled under the Misuse of Drugs Act as a Schedule II Class A drug, making it illegal to possess without a prescription.[33]
  • United States - PCP is controlled under the Controlled Substances Act as a Schedule II controlled substance, making it illegal to possess without a prescription.[34][35]

See also

External links

Forums

Literature

  • Morris, H., & Wallach, J. (2014). From PCP to MXE: A comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs. Drug Testing and Analysis, 6(7–8), 614–632. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.1620

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Luisada, P. V., M. D. (1978), “The Phencyclidine Psychosis: Phenomenology and Treatment.” Phencyclidine (PCP) Abuse: An Appraisal., National Institute on Drug Abuse 
  2. ↑ Psychiatry. John Wiley & Sons. 5 February 2015. ISBN 9781118753361. 
  3. ↑ PCP Psychosis (PsychonautWiki) | https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/3-MeO-PCP#Toxicity_and_harm_potential
  4. ↑ PCP Psychosis (PsychonautWiki) | https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/3-MeO-PCP#Toxicity_and_harm_potential
  5. ↑ 3-MeO-PCP Psychosis (PsychonautWiki) | https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/3-MeO-PCP#Toxicity_and_harm_potential
  6. ↑ PCP Fast Facts | http://www.justice.gov/archive/ndic/pubs4/4440/
  7. ↑ Molecular neuropharmacology: a foundation for clinical neuroscience (2nd ed ed.). McGraw-Hill Medical. 2009. ISBN 9780071481274. 
  8. ↑ Kapur, S., Seeman, P. (September 2002). "NMDA receptor antagonists ketamine and PCP have direct effects on the dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2 receptors—implications for models of schizophrenia". Molecular Psychiatry. 7 (8): 837–844. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001093. ISSN 1476-5578. 
  9. ↑ "Peace Pill". Microgram. Bureau of Drug Abuse Control. Jan 1968. 1(3):p1 (Erowid.org) | https://erowid.org/library/periodicals/microgram/microgram_1968_01_v01n03.pdf
  10. ↑ "Sweet Streetfact's Lowdown on Low Dope Highs!". Berkeley Tribe, September 10-16, 1971. p12 (Independent Voices) | https://www.jstor.org/stable/community.28033860?seq=12
  11. ↑ Morris, H., Wallach, J. (August 2014). "From PCP to MXE: a comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs". Drug Testing and Analysis. 6 (7–8): 614–632. doi:10.1002/dta.1620. ISSN 1942-7611. 
  12. ↑ Abuse, N. I. on D. (2019), Hallucinogens DrugFacts 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 "StatPearls". Phencyclidine Toxicity. StatPearls Publishing. 2022. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507865/. 
  14. ↑ Rothman, R. (1 July 1994). "PCP site 2: A high affinity MK-801-insensitive phencyclidine binding site". doi:10.1016/0892-0362(94)90022-1. 
  15. ↑ Roth, B. L., Gibbons, S., Arunotayanun, W., Huang, X.-P., Setola, V., Treble, R., Iversen, L. (19 March 2013). "The Ketamine Analogue Methoxetamine and 3- and 4-Methoxy Analogues of Phencyclidine Are High Affinity and Selective Ligands for the Glutamate NMDA Receptor". PLoS ONE. 8 (3): e59334. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059334. ISSN 1932-6203. 
  16. ↑ Seeman, P., Guan, H.-C., Hirbec, H. (August 2009). "Dopamine D2High receptors stimulated by phencyclidines, lysergic acid diethylamide, salvinorin A, and modafinil". Synapse (New York, N.Y.). 63 (8): 698–704. doi:10.1002/syn.20647. ISSN 1098-2396. 
  17. ↑ Erowid PCP (Phencyclidine) Vault : Effects 
  18. ↑ Tasman, Allan, Jerald Kay, and Jeffrey A. Lieberman. Psychiatry. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2003. Google Books. Wiley. Web. <https://books.google.com/books?id=l2KRBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT4957&lpg=PT4957&dq=Greifenstein+et+al.+1958%29.&source=bl&ots=s5CFdAfMzc&sig=GzsOq_N-V1qtahxyyHnKMJceEj0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwji0pWTjNLKAhUBaD4KHTfqD0sQ6AEIHDAA#v=onepage&q=Greifenstein%20et%20al.%201958%29.&f=false>.
  19. ↑ Olney, J. W., Labruyere, J., Price, M. T. (16 June 1989). "Pathological changes induced in cerebrocortical neurons by phencyclidine and related drugs". Science (New York, N.Y.). 244 (4910): 1360–1362. doi:10.1126/science.2660263. ISSN 0036-8075. 
  20. ↑ Hargreaves, R. J., Hill, R. G., Iversen, L. L. (1994). "Neuroprotective NMDA antagonists: the controversy over their potential for adverse effects on cortical neuronal morphology". Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplementum. 60: 15–19. doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_4. 
  21. ↑ The ultimate journey: consciousness and the mystery of death (2. ed ed.). MAPS. 2010. ISBN 9780966001976. 
  22. ↑ Reynolds, L. M., Cochran, S. M., Morris, B. J., Pratt, J. A., Reynolds, G. P. (1 March 2005). "Chronic phencyclidine administration induces schizophrenia-like changes in N-acetylaspartate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate in rat brain". Schizophrenia Research. 73 (2–3): 147–152. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2004.02.003. ISSN 0920-9964. 
  23. ↑ Murray, J. B. (May 2002). "Phencyclidine (PCP): a dangerous drug, but useful in schizophrenia research". The Journal of Psychology. 136 (3): 319–327. doi:10.1080/00223980209604159. ISSN 0022-3980. 
  24. ↑ "List of psychotropic substances under international control (Green List)" (PDF) (23rd ed.). International Narcotics Control Board (INCB). August 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 2, 2007. 
  25. ↑ Branch, L. S. (2022), Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Controlled Drugs and Substances Act 
  26. ↑ https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:6b5e9beb-1d9b-11ea-95ab-01aa75ed71a1.0001.02/DOC_1&format=PDF
  27. ↑ https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2013-463
  28. ↑ Anlage I BtMG - Einzelnorm 
  29. ↑ {Citation | year=2022 | title=Wykaz środków odurzających i substancji psychotropowych | url=https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wykaz_%C5%9Brodk%C3%B3w_odurzaj%C4%85cych_i_substancji_psychotropowych&oldid=67226458}}
  30. ↑ Decree-Law 15/93: Anti-Drug Legislation https://www.imolin.org/doc/amlid/Portugal_Decree-Law 15 of 1993_Anti-Drug Legislation.pdf#page=35
  31. ↑ Decree-Law 15/93: Anti-Drug Legislation https://www.imolin.org/doc/amlid/Portugal_Decree-Law%2015%20of%201993_Anti-Drug%20Legislation.pdf#page=21
  32. ↑ "Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien" (in Deutsch). Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]. Retrieved January 1, 2020. 
  33. ↑ Participation, E., Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 
  34. ↑ Drug Enforcement Administration. (2021, August 27). Orange Book. https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/schedules/orangebook/e_cs_sched.pdf#page=11
  35. ↑ Drug Enforcement Administration. (2020, March). PHENCYCLIDINE. https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_chem_info/pcp.pdf

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