Phyllomedusa bicolor

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Namn: Monkey Frog (eng) , drogen kallas Sapo (betyder ungefär "grodsvett")

Innehåller: Peptider

Generell information

Groda vars skinn innehåller peptider som har starka fysiska effekter och en hallucinogen effekt på psyket.

Användning

Sapo används av indianer i Amazonas för att göra jägarna osynliga för djuren (giftet ändrar människans lukt), ta bort hunger under långa färder i djungeln och för att framkalla abort hos kvinnor.

Huden punkteras med en glödande trästicka. Grodans gift blandas med saliv och läggs i såret. Effekten kommer mycket snabbt. Kortvarig verkan som följs av en lång tids förhöjning av sinnena.

Effekter

Paralysering, illamående (spyor), ökad puls, hallucinationer,

Om innehållet

"Three naturally occurring dermorphin-like peptides from the skin of the frog Phyllomedusa bicolor, the related carboxyl-terminal amides, and some substituted analogs were synthesized, their binding profiles to opioid receptors were determined, and their biological activities were studied in isolated organ preparations and intact animals. The opioid binding profile revealed a very high selectivity of these peptides for mu sites and suggested the existence of two receptor subtypes, of high and low affinity. The peptides tested acted as potent mu opioid agonists on isolated organ preparations. They were several times more active in inhibiting electrically evoked contractions in guinea pig ileum than in mouse vas deferens. When injected into the lateral brain ventricle or peritoneum of rats, the high-affinity-site-preferring ligand, [Lys7-NH2]dermorphin, behaved as a potent analgesic agent. By contrast, the low-affinity-site-preferring ligand, [Trp4,Asn7-NH2]dermorphin, produced a weak antinociception but an intense catalepsy." Källa: Dermorphin-related peptides from the skin of Phyllomedusa bicolor and their amidated analogs activate two mu opioid receptor subtypes that modulate antinociception and catalepsy in the rat.

Externa länkar

Piers Gibbon tar Sapo Videoklipp från You Tube.

Frog Sweat ~ Matses Rainforest Medicine

Making Magic - A story about the Mastses Indians and their use of Sapo av Peter Gorman

Erowid Phyllomedusa bicolor Vault

Phyllomedusa bicolor

Pharmacological studies of 'sapo' from the frog Phyllomedusa bicolor skin: a drug used by the Peruvian Matses Indians in shamanic hunting practices.

Peptide secretion in the cutaneous glands of South American tree frog Phyllomedusa bicolor: an ultrastructural study.